Brevibacillus laterosporus is a beneficial soil bacterium that supports plant growth, health, and resilience through several mechanisms. Below is a concise overview of how plants can benefit from Brevibacillus laterosporus:
Biocontrol of Pathogens:
Brevibacillus laterosporus produces antimicrobial compounds, such as peptides and enzymes (e.g., chitinases), that inhibit a wide range of plant pathogens, including fungi (Fusarium, Rhizoctonia), bacteria, and even some nematodes.
It induces systemic resistance in plants, enhancing their natural defenses against diseases like blight, wilt, and root rot.
Plant Growth Promotion:
The bacterium can produce growth-promoting substances like indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and siderophores, which stimulate root development and improve nutrient uptake, leading to better plant vigor and yield.
It enhances nutrient availability by solubilizing phosphorus and other minerals in the soil, making them more accessible to plants.
Insect Pest Control:
Brevibacillus laterosporus is known for its insect-repellent and insecticidal properties, particularly against pests like beetles, caterpillars, and mosquito larvae. It produces toxins (e.g., crystalline inclusions) that target specific pests, reducing crop damage without harming plants.
This makes it a valuable biocontrol agent for integrated pest management (IPM).
Stress Tolerance:
The bacterium helps plants cope with abiotic stresses, such as drought or salinity, by improving root health and producing stress-mitigating compounds.
It forms protective biofilms around roots, enhancing water retention and nutrient absorption under challenging conditions.
Soil Health Improvement:
Brevibacillus laterosporus contributes to soil fertility by degrading organic matter, releasing nutrients, and promoting beneficial microbial activity.
It can also assist in bioremediation by breaking down pollutants, improving the soil environment for plant growth.
Applications:
Used as a biofertilizer, biopesticide, or biocontrol agent in sustainable agriculture to reduce reliance on chemical inputs.
Applied via seed coating, soil drenching, or foliar spraying to maximize its benefits.
Examples:
Studies have shown Brevibacillus laterosporus improving crop yields in plants like tomatoes, wheat, and rice by suppressing pathogens and promoting growth.
Its insect-repellent properties are particularly useful for protecting crops from pest damage.